直線電機和直流電機的組成結構、驅動原(yuan)理、應用場景、輸出功率(lv)都不一(yi)樣；選(xuan)擇時應根據實(shi)際需求(qiu)進(jin)行(xing)選(xuan)擇直(zhi)線電機(ji)、直(zhi)流(liu)電機(ji)，下面(mian)將詳細介紹兩種電機(ji)結構、原(yuan)理與(yu)特(te)點。

直(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)線(xian)(xian)(xian)(xian)電(dian)(dian)(dian)機(ji)(ji)(ji)是(shi)(shi)一(yi)種將(jiang)電(dian)(dian)(dian)能直(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)接轉(zhuan)(zhuan)換(huan)成直(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)線(xian)(xian)(xian)(xian)運動(dong)(dong)機(ji)(ji)(ji)械能，而不(bu)需(xu)要任(ren)何中間(jian)轉(zhuan)(zhuan)換(huan)機(ji)(ji)(ji)構的(de)(de)(de)驅動(dong)(dong)裝置。它可以看成是(shi)(shi)一(yi)臺旋(xuan)(xuan)(xuan)轉(zhuan)(zhuan)電(dian)(dian)(dian)機(ji)(ji)(ji)按徑向剖開，并展成平面而成。直(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)線(xian)(xian)(xian)(xian)電(dian)(dian)(dian)機(ji)(ji)(ji)也(ye)稱線(xian)(xian)(xian)(xian)性電(dian)(dian)(dian)機(ji)(ji)(ji)，線(xian)(xian)(xian)(xian)性馬(ma)(ma)(ma)達，直(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)線(xian)(xian)(xian)(xian)馬(ma)(ma)(ma)達，推(tui)桿(gan)馬(ma)(ma)(ma)達。常用(yong)(yong)的(de)(de)(de)直(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)線(xian)(xian)(xian)(xian)電(dian)(dian)(dian)機(ji)(ji)(ji)類型(xing)是(shi)(shi)平板(ban)式和U 型(xing)槽式，和管式。 線(xian)(xian)(xian)(xian)圈的(de)(de)(de)典(dian)型(xing)組成是(shi)(shi)三(san)相，由霍爾元件(jian)提升(sheng)無(wu)(wu)刷(shua)換(huan)相。直(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)線(xian)(xian)(xian)(xian)電(dian)(dian)(dian)機(ji)(ji)(ji)的(de)(de)(de)控制和旋(xuan)(xuan)(xuan)轉(zhuan)(zhuan)電(dian)(dian)(dian)機(ji)(ji)(ji)一(yi)樣。像無(wu)(wu)刷(shua)旋(xuan)(xuan)(xuan)轉(zhuan)(zhuan)電(dian)(dian)(dian)機(ji)(ji)(ji)，動(dong)(dong)子(zi)(zi)和定子(zi)(zi)無(wu)(wu)機(ji)(ji)(ji)械連接（無(wu)(wu)刷(shua)），不(bu)像旋(xuan)(xuan)(xuan)轉(zhuan)(zhuan)電(dian)(dian)(dian)機(ji)(ji)(ji)的(de)(de)(de)方(fang)面，動(dong)(dong)子(zi)(zi)旋(xuan)(xuan)(xuan)轉(zhuan)(zhuan)和定子(zi)(zi)位置保持固定，直(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)線(xian)(xian)(xian)(xian)電(dian)(dian)(dian)機(ji)(ji)(ji)系(xi)統(tong)可以是(shi)(shi)磁(ci)軌(gui)動(dong)(dong)或推(tui)力線(xian)(xian)(xian)(xian)圈動(dong)(dong)（大部分(fen)定位系(xi)統(tong)應用(yong)(yong)是(shi)(shi)磁(ci)軌(gui)固定，推(tui)力線(xian)(xian)(xian)(xian)圈動(dong)(dong)）。用(yong)(yong)推(tui)力線(xian)(xian)(xian)(xian)圈運動(dong)(dong)的(de)(de)(de)電(dian)(dian)(dian)機(ji)(ji)(ji)，推(tui)力線(xian)(xian)(xian)(xian)圈的(de)(de)(de)重量和負載比很小。然而，需(xu)要高(gao)柔性線(xian)(xian)(xian)(xian)纜及其(qi)管理(li)系(xi)統(tong)。用(yong)(yong)磁(ci)軌(gui)運動(dong)(dong)的(de)(de)(de)電(dian)(dian)(dian)機(ji)(ji)(ji)，不(bu)僅要承(cheng)受負載，還要承(cheng)受磁(ci)軌(gui)質量，但無(wu)(wu)需(xu)線(xian)(xian)(xian)(xian)纜管理(li)系(xi)統(tong)。