什么是減速步進電機？減(jian)速(su)(su)步進(jin)電(dian)機是一種運用廣泛的減(jian)速(su)(su)設備，下面將詳細介(jie)紹步進(jin)電(dian)機、減(jian)速(su)(su)器、減(jian)速(su)(su)步進(jin)電(dian)機概論，與結構組(zu)成。

步(bu)(bu)進(jin)電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)機是(shi)(shi)一(yi)(yi)種(zhong)感應電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)機，它的(de)(de)(de)工作(zuo)原理(li)是(shi)(shi)利用電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)子(zi)電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)路，將直(zhi)流電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)變(bian)成分時供(gong)電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)的(de)(de)(de)，多(duo)相時序(xu)控制電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)流，用這種(zhong)電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)流為步(bu)(bu)進(jin)電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)機供(gong)電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)，步(bu)(bu)進(jin)電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)機才能正常工作(zuo)，驅(qu)動器就(jiu)是(shi)(shi)為步(bu)(bu)進(jin)電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)機分時供(gong)電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)的(de)(de)(de)，多(duo)相時序(xu)控制器。步(bu)(bu)進(jin)電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)機是(shi)(shi)將電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)脈(mo)(mo)沖信(xin)號(hao)轉變(bian)為角(jiao)位移或線(xian)位移的(de)(de)(de)開環控制電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)機，是(shi)(shi)現代數(shu)字程序(xu)控制系統(tong)中的(de)(de)(de)主要執行元(yuan)件，應用極(ji)為廣(guang)泛。在非超(chao)載(zai)的(de)(de)(de)情況(kuang)下(xia)，電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)機的(de)(de)(de)轉速、停(ting)止(zhi)的(de)(de)(de)位置(zhi)只取(qu)決(jue)于脈(mo)(mo)沖信(xin)號(hao)的(de)(de)(de)頻率和脈(mo)(mo)沖數(shu)，而不受負(fu)載(zai)變(bian)化(hua)的(de)(de)(de)影響，當步(bu)(bu)進(jin)驅(qu)動器接收(shou)到一(yi)(yi)個(ge)脈(mo)(mo)沖信(xin)號(hao)，它就(jiu)驅(qu)動步(bu)(bu)進(jin)電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)機按(an)設定的(de)(de)(de)方(fang)向(xiang)轉動一(yi)(yi)個(ge)固(gu)定的(de)(de)(de)角(jiao)度，稱(cheng)為“步(bu)(bu)距角(jiao)”，它的(de)(de)(de)旋轉是(shi)(shi)以固(gu)定的(de)(de)(de)角(jiao)度一(yi)(yi)步(bu)(bu)一(yi)(yi)步(bu)(bu)運行的(de)(de)(de)。

減(jian)(jian)速(su)(su)器(qi)是(shi)一種由封閉在(zai)剛性(xing)殼(ke)體內的(de)(de)(de)(de)齒(chi)輪驅(qu)(qu)動(dong)(dong)(dong)、蝸桿驅(qu)(qu)動(dong)(dong)(dong)、齒(chi)輪-蝸桿驅(qu)(qu)動(dong)(dong)(dong)所(suo)組成的(de)(de)(de)(de)獨立部件，常用(yong)(yong)作原動(dong)(dong)(dong)件與工作機(ji)(ji)(ji)(ji)(ji)之間的(de)(de)(de)(de)減(jian)(jian)速(su)(su)驅(qu)(qu)動(dong)(dong)(dong)裝置 。在(zai)原動(dong)(dong)(dong)機(ji)(ji)(ji)(ji)(ji)和(he)工作機(ji)(ji)(ji)(ji)(ji)或執行機(ji)(ji)(ji)(ji)(ji)構之間起匹配轉(zhuan)速(su)(su)和(he)傳遞轉(zhuan)矩的(de)(de)(de)(de)作用(yong)(yong)，在(zai)現代機(ji)(ji)(ji)(ji)(ji)械中(zhong)應用(yong)(yong)極為(wei)廣泛。一般用(yong)(yong)于低轉(zhuan)速(su)(su)大(da)扭矩的(de)(de)(de)(de)驅(qu)(qu)動(dong)(dong)(dong)設備(bei)，把電(dian)(dian)動(dong)(dong)(dong)機(ji)(ji)(ji)(ji)(ji)、內燃機(ji)(ji)(ji)(ji)(ji)或其(qi)它高速(su)(su)運轉(zhuan)的(de)(de)(de)(de)動(dong)(dong)(dong)力通過減(jian)(jian)速(su)(su)機(ji)(ji)(ji)(ji)(ji)的(de)(de)(de)(de)輸(shu)入軸上(shang)的(de)(de)(de)(de)齒(chi)數(shu)少的(de)(de)(de)(de)齒(chi)輪嚙合輸(shu)出軸上(shang)的(de)(de)(de)(de)大(da)齒(chi)輪來(lai)達到(dao)減(jian)(jian)速(su)(su)的(de)(de)(de)(de)目的(de)(de)(de)(de)，普通的(de)(de)(de)(de)減(jian)(jian)速(su)(su)機(ji)(ji)(ji)(ji)(ji)也會有幾對相同原理齒(chi)輪達到(dao)理想的(de)(de)(de)(de)減(jian)(jian)速(su)(su)效(xiao)果，大(da)小齒(chi)輪的(de)(de)(de)(de)齒(chi)數(shu)之比(bi)(bi)，就是(shi)驅(qu)(qu)動(dong)(dong)(dong)比(bi)(bi)。減(jian)(jian)速(su)(su)器(qi)的(de)(de)(de)(de)驅(qu)(qu)動(dong)(dong)(dong)源可(ke)以(yi)采用(yong)(yong)直流(liu)電(dian)(dian)機(ji)(ji)(ji)(ji)(ji)、步進電(dian)(dian)機(ji)(ji)(ji)(ji)(ji)、空心杯電(dian)(dian)機(ji)(ji)(ji)(ji)(ji)、微(wei)型(xing)(xing)馬達使(shi)用(yong)(yong)，這種減(jian)(jian)速(su)(su)設備(bei)也稱為(wei)直流(liu)減(jian)(jian)速(su)(su)電(dian)(dian)機(ji)(ji)(ji)(ji)(ji)、步進減(jian)(jian)速(su)(su)電(dian)(dian)機(ji)(ji)(ji)(ji)(ji)、空心杯減(jian)(jian)速(su)(su)電(dian)(dian)機(ji)(ji)(ji)(ji)(ji)、微(wei)型(xing)(xing)減(jian)(jian)速(su)(su)馬達等驅(qu)(qu)動(dong)(dong)(dong)減(jian)(jian)速(su)(su)設備(bei)。

減(jian)(jian)速(su)(su)(su)步進電機(ji)是由減(jian)(jian)速(su)(su)(su)器(齒輪(lun)箱)+電機(ji)組(zu)成而(er)成，電機(ji)能夠供給相當大(da)的(de)(de)打高速(su)(su)(su)轉(zhuan)速(su)(su)(su)，但力(li)矩(ju)很小，發生的(de)(de)運(yun)動(dong)慣性(xing)相當大(da);減(jian)(jian)速(su)(su)(su)器的(de)(de)功用就是用來(lai)操(cao)控下降(jiang)轉(zhuan)速(su)(su)(su)、提升扭矩(ju)，下降(jiang)運(yun)動(dong)發生的(de)(de)慣性(xing)，已到達抱負(fu)的(de)(de)轉(zhuan)速(su)(su)(su)和力(li)矩(ju);比如(ru)稀有(you)的(de)(de)有(you)電動(dong)窗布、電動(dong)卷(juan)閘門，都(dou)采用了減(jian)(jian)速(su)(su)(su)電機(ji)，轉(zhuan)速(su)(su)(su)慢、力(li)矩(ju)大(da)。

簡略來說步(bu)(bu)進(jin)(jin)電(dian)機(ji)是(shi)(shi)(shi)能夠做到定(ding)長定(ding)速(su)的(de)(de)操控，就比如說，作業(ye)臺走1米，電(dian)機(ji)的(de)(de)轉(zhuan)速(su)是(shi)(shi)(shi)能夠自由設定(ding)的(de)(de)，稀有(you)的(de)(de)應(ying)用事例(li)有(you)，比如像是(shi)(shi)(shi)銑(xian)床的(de)(de)作業(ye)臺上(shang)的(de)(de)步(bu)(bu)進(jin)(jin)電(dian)機(ji)。兩(liang)者之間的(de)(de)區別是(shi)(shi)(shi)步(bu)(bu)進(jin)(jin)電(dian)機(ji)是(shi)(shi)(shi)能夠做到定(ding)速(su)、守時(想走多(duo)(duo)長、轉(zhuan)多(duo)(duo)快都能夠設定(ding))但是(shi)(shi)(shi)減(jian)速(su)步(bu)(bu)進(jin)(jin)電(dian)機(ji)的(de)(de)轉(zhuan)速(su)是(shi)(shi)(shi)由減(jian)速(su)比來決議的(de)(de)不(bu)能調理滾(gun)動(dong)速(su)度(du)的(de)(de)快慢;但步(bu)(bu)進(jin)(jin)電(dian)機(ji)力(li)矩小，減(jian)速(su)電(dian)機(ji)滾(gun)動(dong)力(li)矩大。