直流減速電機是一種運用(yong)廣泛的減(jian)速(su)設備，主要驅(qu)動(dong)(dong)結構由驅(qu)動(dong)(dong)電(dian)(dian)機(ji)（分為無刷直(zhi)流電(dian)(dian)機(ji)、有刷直(zhi)流電(dian)(dian)機(ji)）、齒輪箱組裝而成的減(jian)速(su)設備，具備減(jian)速(su)、驅(qu)動(dong)(dong)、提升扭(niu)矩功能；步(bu)進電(dian)(dian)機(ji)是一種精密驅(qu)動(dong)(dong)電(dian)(dian)機(ji)，角度(du)可(ke)控(kong)制、速(su)度(du)可(ke)控(kong)制，應用(yong)也廣泛；下面(mian)將介紹直(zhi)流減(jian)速(su)電(dian)(dian)機(ji)與步(bu)進電(dian)(dian)機(ji)區別。直(zhi)流減(jian)速(su)電(dian)(dian)機(ji)：

直流減速電機，即微型減速電機。一般是通過(guo)把電(dian)動機(ji)(ji)、內燃機(ji)(ji)或其他(ta)高速(su)運轉(zhuan)的(de)(de)(de)動力(li)通過(guo)齒輪(lun)(lun)減速(su)電(dian)機(ji)(ji)的(de)(de)(de)輸(shu)入軸上的(de)(de)(de)齒數少的(de)(de)(de)齒輪(lun)(lun)嚙合輸(shu)出軸上的(de)(de)(de)大齒輪(lun)(lun)來達到減速(su)的(de)(de)(de)目的(de)(de)(de)。直(zhi)(zhi)流(liu)(liu)(liu)減速(su)電(dian)動機(ji)(ji)由(you)靜止(zhi)部(bu)分(fen)和旋轉(zhuan)部(bu)分(fen)組(zu)(zu)成。靜止(zhi)部(bu)分(fen)稱(cheng)為(wei)(wei)定子。它由(you)一個外殼和一個磁極組(zu)(zu)成。當然(ran)，磁極用于產生磁場。旋轉(zhuan)部(bu)分(fen)稱(cheng)為(wei)(wei)轉(zhuan)子，也稱(cheng)為(wei)(wei)電(dian)樞，電(dian)樞芯(xin)是圓柱形的(de)(de)(de)，由(you)層壓硅鋼片(pian)制成，表面用槽沖孔，電(dian)樞繞組(zu)(zu)放在槽中(zhong)。直(zhi)(zhi)流(liu)(liu)(liu)減速(su)電(dian)動機(ji)(ji)是將電(dian)能(neng)轉(zhuan)換(huan)為(wei)(wei)旋轉(zhuan)機(ji)(ji)械(xie)能(neng)的(de)(de)(de)機(ji)(ji)器。它主要用作(zuo)電(dian)解，電(dian)鍍，電(dian)熔(rong)，充電(dian)和交流(liu)(liu)(liu)發電(dian)機(ji)(ji)勵磁，雖然(ran)需要直(zhi)(zhi)流(liu)(liu)(liu)減速(su)電(dian)源，但電(dian)源整流(liu)(liu)(liu)元(yuan)件也用于將交流(liu)(liu)(liu)電(dian)轉(zhuan)換(huan)為(wei)(wei)直(zhi)(zhi)流(liu)(liu)(liu)電(dian)，從易用性，操作(zuo)可靠性和某些(xie)工(gong)作(zuo)性能(neng)方面來看，交流(liu)(liu)(liu)電(dian)整流(liu)(liu)(liu)不(bu)能(neng)與直(zhi)(zhi)流(liu)(liu)(liu)減速(su)電(dian)動機(ji)(ji)相比(bi)。步進電(dian)機(ji)(ji)：

步進電機是一種感應電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)機(ji)(ji)(ji)(ji)(ji)(ji)，它(ta)的(de)(de)(de)(de)工(gong)(gong)作原理是利(li)用(yong)(yong)電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)子電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)路，將直(zhi)流(liu)電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)變成(cheng)(cheng)分時(shi)(shi)供(gong)電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)的(de)(de)(de)(de)，多相時(shi)(shi)序(xu)控(kong)制(zhi)電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)流(liu)，用(yong)(yong)這種電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)流(liu)為步進(jin)(jin)(jin)電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)機(ji)(ji)(ji)(ji)(ji)(ji)供(gong)電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)，步進(jin)(jin)(jin)電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)機(ji)(ji)(ji)(ji)(ji)(ji)才能正常工(gong)(gong)作，驅(qu)動器(qi)就是為步進(jin)(jin)(jin)電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)機(ji)(ji)(ji)(ji)(ji)(ji)分時(shi)(shi)供(gong)電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)的(de)(de)(de)(de)，多相時(shi)(shi)序(xu)控(kong)制(zhi)器(qi)。雖然步進(jin)(jin)(jin)電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)機(ji)(ji)(ji)(ji)(ji)(ji)已被廣(guang)泛(fan)地應用(yong)(yong)，但步進(jin)(jin)(jin)電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)機(ji)(ji)(ji)(ji)(ji)(ji)并不能像(xiang)普通的(de)(de)(de)(de)直(zhi)流(liu)電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)機(ji)(ji)(ji)(ji)(ji)(ji)，交流(liu)電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)機(ji)(ji)(ji)(ji)(ji)(ji)在(zai)常規下使用(yong)(yong)。它(ta)必須由雙環形脈沖信號、功率(lv)驅(qu)動電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)路等組成(cheng)(cheng)控(kong)制(zhi)系(xi)統(tong)方可(ke)(ke)使用(yong)(yong)。因此(ci)用(yong)(yong)好步進(jin)(jin)(jin)電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)機(ji)(ji)(ji)(ji)(ji)(ji)卻非易事，它(ta)涉及(ji)到(dao)機(ji)(ji)(ji)(ji)(ji)(ji)械(xie)、電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)機(ji)(ji)(ji)(ji)(ji)(ji)、電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)子及(ji)計算機(ji)(ji)(ji)(ji)(ji)(ji)等許(xu)多專業知識。步進(jin)(jin)(jin)電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)機(ji)(ji)(ji)(ji)(ji)(ji)作為執行元件(jian)，是機(ji)(ji)(ji)(ji)(ji)(ji)電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)一體化的(de)(de)(de)(de)關鍵(jian)產品之一，廣(guang)泛(fan)應用(yong)(yong)在(zai)各種自動化控(kong)制(zhi)系(xi)統(tong)中。步進(jin)(jin)(jin)電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)機(ji)(ji)(ji)(ji)(ji)(ji)也(ye)可(ke)(ke)以(yi)搭載齒輪箱（減速器(qi)）、編(bian)碼器(qi)使用(yong)(yong)，加上減速裝(zhuang)置的(de)(de)(de)(de)作用(yong)(yong)，直(zhi)流(liu)電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)機(ji)(ji)(ji)(ji)(ji)(ji)只(zhi)要(yao)加上合適的(de)(de)(de)(de)電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)壓就會轉，而(er)且轉得(de)圈數難以(yi)控(kong)制(zhi)，而(er)直(zhi)流(liu)電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)機(ji)(ji)(ji)(ji)(ji)(ji)的(de)(de)(de)(de)工(gong)(gong)作電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)流(liu)要(yao)大很多，一般小型(xing)直(zhi)流(liu)電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)機(ji)(ji)(ji)(ji)(ji)(ji)用(yong)(yong)L298N這類的(de)(de)(de)(de)專用(yong)(yong)驅(qu)動芯片(pian)(pian)驅(qu)動，控(kong)制(zhi)的(de)(de)(de)(de)時(shi)(shi)候一般采用(yong)(yong)單片(pian)(pian)機(ji)(ji)(ji)(ji)(ji)(ji)輸(shu)出PWM波控(kong)制(zhi)；而(er)步進(jin)(jin)(jin)電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)機(ji)(ji)(ji)(ji)(ji)(ji)則按(an)照節拍(pai)工(gong)(gong)作，可(ke)(ke)以(yi)旋轉極小的(de)(de)(de)(de)角(jiao)度（比(bi)如0.1度）。